1. Overview Types of Lights

Reccessed - In the wall. Usually step lights (or low lights - because they're mounted low to the ground) which are completely recessed into a stairway or pathway.  Often ship housings ahead of time so they can be installed in the dry wall. Not all recessed fixtures have a housing. New construction always uses housing.  Remodels use remodel housings. You have to have ICE rated housings in CA for new construction.

Surface Mount - The opposite of recessed, where the entire fixture is visible and mounted to a service.

Inground - Recessed fixture in the ground. Good good for pathways. Some are drive-over.

Floodlights - Used for trees, sign lighting, lighting a side of a building.

Ballards - Outdoor pedestal pathway lighting.  Barrier ballards used in front of a bank. Have lit and non-lit.

Pole Lights - Used in parking lots and outdoor spaces. Will need both pole and fixture head to ordered.  Would order just head only if there are existing poles.  Usually come from the same manufacturer. Usually long lead-times (8-10 weeks). Anchor bolt templates usually should be shipped ahead, so they can make the holes to get ready for the poles.

Tape light - Need to order the tape and the channel, which helps diffuse the lighting so you don't see the LED dots.  Tape light needs remote driver. Calculate wattage based on wattage per foot x feet vs wattage of driver.

Example: 30ft of tape light w/ 1.5 watts per foot =
30 x 1.5 = 45 watts  
Order 60 watt driver

Track light -  Secured track pieces that house and hold light fixtures.  Tracks always need remote driver + live end feeds.  Also check accessories related to connectors and corners.  Need connectors for tracks longer than 4ft, 6ft or 8ft

Other Terminalogy

Integral Driver - Driver is included in the fixture, as oppose to outside the fixture.

Color Temperature - The color of the light, ranges from warm orange color to blue/white. Indoors often 2700K or 3000K. Outdoors often use 3500K or 4000K. 

CRI - Color Rendering Index. Measures the quality of the true color provided by the light. Often related to the color temperature. Higher is always better, more 'true to color', and more expensive. 80 CRI is average. 

R Value - Related to CRI, but more specific, gives a value how true red colors. It's possible to have a high CRI value while having a poor R value, which differentiates project

Lumens - The amount of light emitted, regardless or wattage. Delivered lumens is the amount of light experiences vs source lumens is the amount of light emitted from the light source.

Industry Bidding Process

LIGHTING SPECIFIER provides FIXTURE SCHEDULES / DESIGN
Lighting Designer
Lighting Engineer
Architect
Interior Designer
Distributor (if bypassing and just ordering)

Clients / Client Reps send the job out to bid

(Multiple) General Contractors will bid on the job, including lighting, pluming etc. 
General Contractors will ask for pricing from each area, including lighting.
General Contractors ask (multiple) Electrical Contractor (EC) for the lighting portion of the bid.
Electrical Contractor sends the plans out to multiple distributors to get the best price.
Distributor creates the quote and sends quote back to the EC with markup.
EC sends to General Contractor who also marks up bid and then sends to the client.
Eventually someone wins the bid.

 

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